A Series of three labs to continue your study of pinholes and investigating how the pinhole viewer works. Students will see how the image is flipped and notice that the pinhole makes a full color image of whatever is behind it. Each lab includes cards for Claim, Evidence, and Reasoning (CER) that can be used in a variety of ways. Each of the three labs is complete in itself and is an extension of the concepts first taught in the activity Light and Optics: Making a Pinhole Viewer—with CER
 
Target Grades: 4th and 5th
 
Use this to learn and reinforce answers to questions such as:
How does the image’s orientation change depending on your vantage point?
What does a shaped pinhole show when it’s held near a screen?
How can trees make perfectly round circles of light on the ground?
 
Once students try this activity, they can capture their observations using the included Lab Notes or probing questions included in the instructions. 
 
Concepts Addressed
The image’s orientation changes depending on whether you’re viewing it from the front or back.
Pinholes flip images vertically.
Pinholes flip images horizontally.
 
Answer Keys and Teacher Notes address most questions and issues that might arise in this study—you shouldn’t have to do any outside research unless you want to.

Materials Needed  Foil, Pushpin, Desk lam, Clear lightbulb, Frosted lightbulb, Plain copier paper, Permanent marker, Thin cardboard, White cardboard screen, Scissors, Tape.
 
Prep Needed  Gather supplies

Teaching Time   Three 30 min periods
 
Related Labs Light and Optics